Most problems we see in the Imperial Valley are related to binocular dysfunctions, focusing skills, eye movement disorders, and vision perception anomalies.

Non-surgical procedures are performed to help neuromuscular, neurophysiological, and neurosensory functioning of the visual system.

Typically, a series of treatments with in-office visits and daily home procedures are prescribed for the individual. Phototherapy to decrease suppressions in the visual centers in the brain help visual development.

These procedures are not designed to "strengthen eye muscles" but to enhance eye-brain function with accompanying oculomotor skills. The prescribed procedures are dependent upon the visual dysfunction, test results, and the doctor's clinical judgment.

The Dyslexia Determination Test classifies three types of dyslexia and combinations of them. Visual dyslexia (dyseidesia) is coding difficulty with sight words. Auditory dyslexia (dysphonesia) is coding difficulty with phonemes or sound units of words. Motor dyslexia (dysnemkinesia) is writing letters backwards or upside down. It is also known as dysgraphia.

Dyscalculia is a problem with mathematics. The DDT does not address mathematical dyslexia.

Some individuals have combinations of the different types of dyslexia. The combination types are more of a challenge to establish learning styles.

Once a dyslexia is identified, educational methods that are effective can be provided at grade school, high school, or college levels. Multisensory presentations of information and a structured language approach are great places to start.

Most people with learning problems have vision perception and/or auditory perception deficiencies along with eye movement and focus problems. When vision and auditory skills are enhanced, educational programs are much more successful.